Needle Punched nonwovens are produced by mechanically orienting and interlocking fibres within a carded web. The web is created primarily through dry-laid technology using the carding process. During needle punching, layers of loose staple fibres or filaments are forcibly entangled into a three-dimensional structure by the continuous action of barbed needles that alternately penetrate and withdraw from the fibre bed.
This repeated mechanical interlocking achieved through thousands of barbed felting needles results in nonwoven materials that are strong, flexible, and relatively thick. Polyester and polypropylene (PP) are the major fibre components used in most needle-punch production lines.